This paper examines China's overseas industrial zone in Egypt from a local perspective, assessing whether Belt and Road (BRI)-linked zones have effectively responded to local needs and development objectives. China’s industrial parks under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) have facilitated Chinese investment abroad while aiming to support host countries' industrialisation, but their effectiveness varies.

Recent research has explored the features of an emergent international development regime that embraces infrastructure-led development as a means of enhancing connectivity and global market integration. While numerous influential international institutions have been at the forefront of the global infrastructure drive, emerging economic actors such as China are becoming increasingly active as providers of infrastructure development assistance.

Over the past two decades, China has become Africa’s most important economic partner, prompting considerable debate on the drivers and impacts of China’s relations in the region.